Laryngitis
Download leaflet (PDF)What is laryngitis
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx, or voice box, usually resulting in a hoarse voice, loss of voice, or throat discomfort. It is commonly caused by a viral infection, but can also result from overuse of the voice, irritation (such as from smoke or acid reflux), or, less commonly, bacterial infection.
Symptoms of laryngitis
- Hoarseness or loss of voice.
- Dry or sore throat.
- Tickling sensation in the throat.
- Weak voice or whispering.
- Dry cough.
- Difficulty speaking.
Causes of laryngitis
- Viral infections (most common).
- Voice strain (e.g. shouting or prolonged speaking).
- Smoking or exposure to irritants.
- Acid reflux (laryngopharyngeal reflux).
- Allergies.
- Less commonly, bacterial infections.
Is it contagious
Viral laryngitis can be contagious, particularly in the early stages when symptoms resemble a cold. Good hand hygiene and avoiding close contact can help prevent spread.
Treatment
Most cases of laryngitis get better on their own within 1–2 weeks. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms:
- Rest your voice – avoid speaking or whispering too much.
- Stay hydrated – drink plenty of fluids.
- Avoid smoking and smoky environments.
- Keep the air comfortably humid if this helps. Avoid leaning over bowls of hot or boiling water because of the risk of scalds.
- Suck lozenges or chew gum to keep the throat moist.
- Treat any underlying cause such as reflux or allergies.
Antibiotics are rarely needed unless a bacterial infection is confirmed.
When to see a doctor
See your GP if symptoms have not improved after 2 weeks or keep returning. Persistent unexplained hoarseness needs assessment rather than repeated self-treatment.
Get urgent advice for severe pain, difficulty swallowing, coughing up blood or feeling very unwell. Call 999 for severe breathing difficulty or noisy breathing with distress.
Preventing laryngitis
- Avoid straining your voice.
- Stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke.
- Stay well hydrated.
- Manage acid reflux with diet and medication if needed.
- Practise good hygiene to reduce infection risk.